Class I Railroad and Teacher Essay

Some other day in school was the equivalent, going to class going to lunch and returning home that was until I saw my calendar change. I was somewhat bashful not comprehending what's in store from my new classes and what were they going to resemble. At the point when I come into my new class I felt frightened, it resembled a western film, when a cattle rustler stroll into a bar and its dead quiet only eyes gazing at me and not positively. I was placed in Mr. U Jimenez study hall. Following a few days in the class it was as yet brutal yet it was improving for me. It was fun on certain days and that’s when I realized I was coexisting with others. In the long run I got up to speed and was directly on target. In my new class the initial hardly any things I did was remain quiet, be upbeat and attempt to oblige others. The main day of my group was towards the finish of the primary trimester. It was insane realizing I needed to begin another trimester in an alternate class; it was insane on the grounds that when the educator would send an understudy out with him the class will go crazy since they had â€Å"free time† and escaped from class work for a few minutes. Following two or three days in the class it just went from a great class to a calamity. I’m not such a quick essayist and well when it came to taking notes in Mr. U Jimenez class it wasn’t so bravo. I composed as quick as could be expected under the circumstances however sadly I wasn’t sufficiently quick. Before I could complete my notes the force point would change and both the class and I wouldn’t get an opportunity to wrap up. On the primary day of class I additionally saw that the instructor called five diverse understudy guardians for awful conduct. Realizing that the main day resembled this I considered what the remainder of the school year would resemble. Individuals feel various ways on their initial hardly any day of class. I felt that in the initial not many long periods of being in the class were alright however then the other barely any long stretches of class weren’t. I felt scared of my instructor from the start on account of how exacting he was. I additionally detest shouting and individuals enlightening my folks awful news regarding me. In certain events (not to be insane) I needed to choke Mr. U Jimenez and possibly a few different children due to how irritating they are however I’m just thirteen and well I don’t need to go to prison so I chose to endure my emotions towards that class and simply do as well as could be expected under the circumstances. Anyway my instructor has some benevolent minutes and prizes us with candy. The class can be fun like the sonnet venture I did. I delighted in doing that, we had some great occasions communicating, getting made, and becoming more acquainted with my cohorts somewhat more in class. I felt a wide range of responses in class. Every so often I was really upbeat in class and different occasions I was entirely irritated and needed to leave or terrified. It would be fun in light of the fact that the educator was cool on certain days. Every so often the class would get the opportunity to play who needs to be a mogul or some instructive action. I’d make some great memories in the class kidding around with my companions. On different days it’s quite irritating in light of the fact that my instructor would be mean. He calls my mother before the entire class and it’s really humiliating. At the point when my instructor keeps us in class it’s in light of the fact that an understudy has lost one of his many pen, he needs back. At the point when we do exercises in the class and with regards to questions I respond in a bashful manner and remain calm and expectation he doesn’t pick me. On the off chance that the class is insane for quite a while it won’t remain as such for long. I’d be somewhat astonished and terrified on the grounds that Mr. U Jimenez shouts and says shut it and plunk down in our seats. Before long were back to taking quick notes and tuning in to exercises once more. My responses toward school were never truly energizing at any rate. My conduct has changed intensive Mr. U Jimenez class. At the point when I went to his group my conduct hasn’t change yet I needed to attempt once in a while. From the start I felt terrified and somewhat timid so I don’t think my conduct was really awful however sooner or later I felt agreeable. At the point when I began feeling good in class I was somewhat insane at certain focuses. I now I’m lethargic in light of the fact that I don’t need to accomplish my work or focus however I don’t think I’m as apathetic any longer. I realize I have to handle my class so I invest somewhat more energy now. At the point when Mr. U Jimenez gets frantic we as a whole get distraught, despite the fact that he is consistently feeling surly. Now and again when he’s frantic I don’t truly comprehend him he makes statements that don’t bode well; well to me that is and again he begins to call guardians at times he does it arbitrarily as well. I know I don’t like it when he calls my mother. Neither my mother and I like my teacher’s calls however its best for her to realize that I’m not doing so well in class so I can improve better and invest more energy, when Mr. U Jimenez calls or sends papers talk about my conduct in class nor missing assignments my mother doesn’t give me my stipend and she takes my we and my TV, my mother would simply begin to disclose to me every one of these things about school to improve and improve my evaluations. Now and then I overlook Mr. U Jimenez name and call him (fat instructor) not to be mean Mr. U Jimenez yet I’m attempting to observe the rules. There were numerous things I felt when I began my new class. I had such huge numbers of things experiencing my brain. I was contemplating how I would feel, my responses, my conduct and what it would resemble. At the point when it was a no instructor zone the understudies would get quite insane. On certain days the instructor would alarming me and pester me so I would know my response for the day until I escaped class. Every so often were better than others like the games we play and the exercises that we would do. It would be cool when we mess around on the grounds that for the individuals that won they’d get compensated with treats. My conduct has changed in my homeroom and I’ve gotten use to my group. Presently all I ‘m attempting to do is to pass Mr. U Jimenez class so I can go to High School and pass science or my mother will slaughter me and send me to summer school. On the off chance that I don’t pass I can’t go to San Francisco on our Vacation Mr. U Jimenez I realize that I’m not probably the best understudy but rather I’m attempting my mother consistently continue saying u are brilliant I can do anything in the event that I simply make a decent attempt and focus and listen like I’m with math I just don’t realize it till don’t come out of me still.

Relating Occupational Exposure Reparable -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Relating Occupational Exposure Reparable? Answer: Presentation Silicosis is a condition brought about by breathing in of silica or free crystalline silicon oxide over a period. Silica is made out of quartz and is a typical mineral contained in the world's hull which is normally found in fine rock, rock and most metal metals. Breathing in of earth with precious stone like silica is dangerous to human wellbeing and has constantly end up being fatal if careful steps are not utilized. Silicosis is dynamic henceforth may get progressively extreme after some time. Manifestations may begin as loss of breath, shortcoming or an intense hack with different indications being chest torment, fever, perspiring, weight reduction and respiratory breakdown (Breckenridge, 2015). Since this word related ailment is brought about by breathing in silicon oxide or silica, individuals that work in mining, stone work, sandblasting, black-top assembling and glass producing enterprises just to give some examples are at high danger of contracting silica since they manage s ilica in their profession. Writing Review Silicosis occurs because of workplace presenting a person to crystalline silica. This proceeds with all through the world paying little mind to data on the causes and fruitful methods for neutralizing activity. Silicosis as word related maladies is alarmingly high among people overexposed to clean in various endeavors and occupations, for instance, mining, development, and building support among others. Silicosis is serious and may be dynamic considerably after residue presentation has halted. Thus early acknowledgment and powerful intercessions are essential. Yet present affliction is an outcome of past exposures, convincing control of current workplace exposures is the most ideal approach to forestall proceeded with event of these perhaps devastating sicknesses. Specialists and expert wellbeing parental figures can add to this effort through exact investigation and give more data on the administration and preventive proportions of the infections (Perkins, Peeters, Wouters, Reynaert , Mossman, 2014). At the point when silica is breathed in, the cells in the lungs joins the crystalline silica particles by bringing them into the vacuole of its cytoplasm (Luna-Gomes, Santana, Coutinho-Silva, 2015). This causes lysosomal harm actuating inflammasome which is answerable for incendiary procedures known for inciting customized cell passing. Also, the crystalline silica dust particles go about as little sharp articles like edges on the lungs. These edge like silica particles make cuts that harm the lung tissue when breathed in through the aviation routes, that is, mouth or nose which prompts trouble in shutting and opening of the lungs henceforth weighty breathing related confusions (Rosner, 2014). Further, the significant basic operator in the movement of silicosis is the yield of the convergence of soil with crystalline silica in workplace atmosphere and the measure of crystalline silica in the whole dust(National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), U.S.A, 1976). The infirmity involves blockage of the respiratory structure tissues that unavoidably coming about to fibrosis, the toughening of the lungs, decreasing the ability to breathing in easily (Glenn DD, 2008). Being presented to crystalline silica will moreover wax the risk of propelling tuberculosis and other nonmalignant respiratory-related diseases and adding to renal and insusceptible framework respiratory infections. It's likewise significant that the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the legislature of United States has arranged crystalline silica as a realized human cancer-causing agent henceforth coming about to lung malignancy (Mazurek, Wood, Schleiff, Weissman, 2017) As indicated by Silicosis and lung malignant growth in U.S. metal diggers, 1991, any degree of silica introduction can prompt silicosis where it is dynamic starting with one kind then onto the next. The sorts incorporate intense, quickened and ceaseless silicosis relying upon the degree of presentation. Constant silicosis, the ordinarily perceived kind of the ailment, normally advances following at any rate ten years of introduction to decently low earth focus. Quickened silicosis happens because of presentation to raised grouping of silica for a time of 5 to 10-years. Ultimately, intense silicosis is an extraordinary anyway especially deadly affliction the source being a brief yet huge introduction to clean containing crystalline silica with raised quartz limit (Esteban, 2004). Silicosis is as old as human exercises on the world's covering. Subsequently convincing investigations have been done on the infirmity giving more knowledge on it. As indicated by Silicosis Mortality, Prevention, and ControlUnited States, 1968-2002 (2005), silicosis is a word related sickness which is preventable however compelling treatment of the illness is yet to be realized thus progressively defensive measures ought to be set up. The examinations show a decrease in silicosis passing rate in the ongoing past. In any case, silicosis fatalities and ongoing conditions despite everything occur in equivalent extent to energetic laborers. Since powerful determination for silicosis is to a great extent inaccessible, effective administration of crystalline silica presentation in the workplace is essential (Silicosis Deaths Among Young Adultsthe United States, 1968-1994, 1998) Perceiving silicosis as a savage wellbeing risk is an underlying advance in shielding laborers presented to silica from its introduction, and this ought to be finished by evaluating the undiscovered capacity of worker presentation before starting a vocation. Thusly, recognizing any activity or activity that could prompt introduction of residue is inescapable in trying to shield the specialist from the illnesses (Silica... It's not simply dust, 1997). Such an insurance will lessen silicosis mortality and diminish the quantity of laborers getting the word related ailment and other related respiratory related ailments which are significantly tuberculosis and malignant growth. Other preventive or preparatory strides in checking silicosis as per National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) incorporate residue control, individual cleanliness, defensive garments, air observing and respiratory insurance. Residue control includes using the residue gathering frameworks open for a few kinds of residue creating gear. Additionally, the business should search for dust controls while getting hardware and while developing a structure for workplace, ventilation ought to be set up to guarantee dust isn't released into the air to shield laborers and local people from being presented to crystalline silica. Another significant residue control instrument is utilizing water through the entering stem during penetrating or using a drill with a residue gathering framework to decrease the measure of residue observable noticeable all around or encompassing. In conclusion, utilizing abrasives containing under 1% crystalline silica in the midst of harsh affecting t o keep quartz dust from being released noticeable all around. On close to home cleanliness as a balancing measure for silicosis, people ought to abstain from eating, drinking or smoking in dusty regions along with leaving vehicles where they will be nearly nothing or zero defilement with silica. Flushing of the hands and face before eating or drinking outside dusty zones is additionally fundamental for protecting specialists from respirable crystalline silica and various contaminants, for instance, lead particularly in the midst of harsh affecting activity (NIOSH 1991). Another crucial preventive measure is guaranteeing dusty articles of clothing don't contaminate vehicles, homes, or worksites outside the dusty range. This can be accomplished by showering and changing into clean clothing before leaving the workplace and changing into launderable or dispensable working garments at the site. Finally, observing of air is expected to evaluate precentation to reparable crystalline silica and to pick reasonable building controls and respiratory assurance. Aside from the preventive estimates applied in the work environment where one is uncovered and individual duties to limit silica presentation, Cowie, Murray, Becklake (2010) recommends that doctors or experts in word related infections, for this situation, being silicosis have a urgent task to carry out in observing the states of those uncovered. This includes doing assessments and tests on people presented to crystalline silica with side effects like hacking, brevity of breath and mass devaluation. Since silicosis is a respiratory-related condition test like chest X-beam, chest CT check, aspiratory work tests, skin tests for tuberculosis and serologic tests for connective tissue affliction ought to be done to determine the analysis and preclude the same illnesses (Samet, 1996). The data from the tests empowers the influenced to take careful steps to keep the sickness from being serious. Opposite side medications, for example, hack medication and anti-infection agents are likewise re commended along with having routine tuberculosis skin tests Encouraging workers about silicosis are basic since there can be wellbeing burdens and even deadly results (Pandey, 2014). A few nations like the USA have put government associations, for instance, NIOSH, the Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and some local Department of Labor (DOL) work environments where data can be effectively gotten to. There are a couple of effective expectation chronicles available, for instance, Silicosis: Incurable anyway Preventable and teaching representatives prior empowering them to start working is imperative, yet earlier preparing is comparably basic. MSHA requires entire day of general security preparing preceding another laborer working time, close by 8 hours of boost setting one up day consistently. This guarantees the dangers of silica is on the cutting edge of the workers' cerebrums (Reis, 2006). Use of respirators should be the last line of the boundary and not seriously relied on, particularly if respirator use is, generally, show

10 Fictional Books from TV That Need to Happen IRL

10 Fictional Books from TV That Need to Happen IRL If there is one thing more exciting than literary references on TV shows, its the appearance of fictional books. Whether its a reference in passing or one of the character is an author, these moments on TV amuse me infinitely, and make me immediately want these new, imaginary books on my shelf. Here are some of my very favourite fictional books from TV, which I need in real life. Philsosophy    by Phil Dunphy (Modern Family) Phil Dunphy keeps Modern Family running. While the show has slipped up plenty of times and now seems to be stuck in a rut, the character is still one of the most genuine, adorable people ever. Philsosophy is from the episode where his daughter, Haley, goes off to college and he packs all his gems of advice in a book for her. The most amazing things  that  can happen  to a human being will happen  to you if you just  lower your expectations is quite honestly a mantra I live by now. In the meantime, we still have life advice from Calvin and Hobbes, and Winnie the Pooh on our hands, and thank god for that. Game of Joans by  Joan Callamezzo (Parks and Recreation) Joan Callamezzo is a gutsy, gifted trainwreck. I love her as April does. I imagine her books to be a hilarious, unapologetic, rambling tell-all with the occasional unintended pieces of wisdom. Marriage Vacation by Pauline Turner (Younger) Firstly, let me just say that I want to read all the books featured on Younger (did everyone catch their Season 1 flying reference to Book Riot!?), from P is for Pigeon to Hashtag Im Dying (yes, even the one written from a dogs perspective). I imagine Marriage Vacation to be a little like Whered You Go, Bernadette, or Leave Me, and I never say no to these kinds of stories. Be your own windkeeper  (FRIENDS) This book would be a raging success, and even though we have excellent memoirs and essays IRL of women owning their lives, like Shonda Rhimes Year of Yes or Amy Poehlers Yes, Please,  Im curious as to what  Windkeeper has to say to Rachel Green. THE PEPPERWOOD CHRONICLES by Nick miller (New girl) Nick Miller will forever be the love of my life, so I would even read his other, unfinished, zombie novel Z is for Zombie, with rhythm misspelled 38 times and a word search to boot. But The Pepperwood Chronicles is a definite, unequivocal yes for meâ€"I am, of course, imagining Jessica Knight to be the silent hero here, as a mix between Jessica Jones and Misty Knight. THE SUBSECT  by jess mariano (gilmore girls) I would very quickly DNF this self-indulgent, trying-too-hard book by Jess Mariano, rebel without a cause, but it wouldnt hurt to own a copy, now would it? THE COMET  by lucas scott (one tree hill) Aah, sappy stories which are secretly about unrequited love. Gimme it. SNOW FALLING by jane gloriana villanueva (jane the virgin) A romance novel with a love triangle set during the early 1900s hotel boom, written by the very fierce, passionate Jane. Whats not to like? And you just know  that famous telenovella star, Rogelio de la Vega, offers to contribute to the audiobook version. I NEED IT. Book Riots in-house Romance Rec Extraordinaire, Jessica Pryde, recommends  Lydia San Andres’ A Summer for Scandal for a readalike. We also have you covered with a curated list of 100 historical romances! Enigmas of the Mystical  (how i met your mother) I hope we all agree that Marshall Eriksen hits peak adorable when he talks about being a believer in all things spooky and magical. Enigmas of the Mystical is his bible, a childhood favourite which he pulls out to read to his son. If spooky myths and legends are your jam too, here are some books weve found for you. ALLORA: Warrior Queen   (greys anatomy) This is the most recent, most adorable appearance of a fictional book on TV, in Greys Anatomys season 14 premiere. Max, a boy who is to undergo surgery, believes that his doctor, played by Camilla Luddington, is secretly Allora the Warrior Queen from his comic book. If you, like me, need a comic book to soothe this need, this is definitely for you.

The Bittersweet Effects of Abortion - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1710 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2018/11/19 Category Health Essay Type Argumentative essay Level High school Tags: Abortion Essay Human Rights Essay Did you like this example? Abortion has been an ongoing issue, it continues to spread in a way of not stopping because we live in a world where the economy is constantly falling in a way that doesn’t allow some people to reach a successful stable life as in people who are becoming pregnant. Certain decisions must be made when people make mistakes as in getting pregnant, so that individual must decide if they want to  have the child they are conceiving. I say this is unfortunate because not  everyone is given a fair chance in life, some may want children but then they  suddenly get pregnant, but they’re not ready because they may not be financially supported, and this is just one of many factors in the decision of abortion. I say that if society took the right approach as in getting single mothers the  help they need then they could be more aware on how to prevent abortion or be  better prepared in becoming a parent. As people we will make mistakes, but when  we learn from t hem, it makes us better people also it makes a better atmosphere  and helps the people we love. As I see in today’s world abortion plagues thousands of  people, but I think about how it almost took the lives of my niece and nephew,  Khalia and Khamoni. When I was in the eighth grade, I was overwhelmed with  some news that would forever change my life. My sister was pregnant with twins  that I would eventually get securely attached to. One day she came to my mom in  the kitchen of our house asking for three hundred dollars. Even though I was  only around fourteen years old deep down I knew what the purpose of the money  was for. As of 2013, my sister was not mentally or psychologically prepared for a child, especially two. â€Å"Personal disappointments, for which unplanned pregnancy would typically qualify, have also been associated with higher risk  for major depression in adolescents (â€Å"Termination Patients†, 270). This unplanned event cause d my sister to have to come out of childish thinking and  become a real adult in a way of supporting two dependent babies. However, she  did have mutual support from the father’s side and from our side of the family. Without those wonderful kids in her life, I don’t know where my sister would be  in this world. These types of unexpected situations show that some individuals  aren’t ready for children at certain times in their life, but for some this can  be overcome with love, patience and perseverance. Personal experience is not  the only factor in dealing with abortion, laws come into effect as well. Depression is something that everyone will mostly likely experience at some point in their lives, whether it’s for a week or for a whole  year it still happens, but it can have minor effects on some who has had an  abortion in a way that could last for quite some time. The text Anxiety, depression and self-efficacy levels expresses a v ariety of speculations between  the relationship of abortion and depression, but they all circle around that  the physical procedure of abortion is not what causes types of mental  instability, rather how the person deals with the traumatic experience, leading  to some form of depression (â€Å"Self-Efficacy, 28). According to a week after an  abortion procedure or after five years a study showed that individuals did not  experience any type of depression or anxiety. However, individuals that  contradicted the procedures were the ones most likely to experience forms of  depression or anxiety (â€Å"No Evidence†). What this shows is that some individuals  handle the process of abortion very readily because having this done is the  most obedient decision for that individual in terms of being free from the  fetus that they did not want or was not ready for. On the other hand, those who  had the procedure, but try not to speak of it because it is a sensit ive area  tend to have the potential of experiencing forms of mental instability because  they may not properly know how to deal with this controversial situation. These  individuals allow themselves to build up whatever is bothering them, due to  pregnancy concerns and may not be able to get the proper help in terms of  talking to someone or approaching someone about this sensitive situation. Whether  or not getting an abortion causes someone to develop anxiety or depression,  this issue overall still affects everyone differently whether it is in a  positive perspective or a negative view because everyone in this world handles  a situation differently, especially when under pressure. As I can relate back  to my sister, I will not ever know if she experienced depression while thinking  about getting an abortion, but I can say that she did experience a lot of  anxiety, because the father of her children was not around like a man should be  in terms of suppor ting his newly born children and being there every step of  the way. Aside from factors of mental instability, personal experience can also shape how someone feels about this sensitive issue. Targeted Regulation of  Abortion Providers are laws that aim to prevent abortion such as initiating  restrictions towards clinics and private clinicians that have abortion services  (â€Å"Trap Laws†, 77). These laws have been known to cause unspecified hard  labor, meaning they require spontaneous amount of repeated changes in the  environment of where the abortion is being taken place. These laws act as a barrier  in the attempt of limiting abortion however, without causing any intended hardships  on the individual trying to get an abortion. In the article by the author,  Roland Warren he expresses that abortion is considered termination of life. He  states that abortions not only harm the mother and the fetus, but also the men  who have helped create the fetus , the families and the surrounding communities  (â€Å"Abundant Life, 53†). Many people focus on abortion solely affecting the  mother because the female is the one that experiences potential side effects  such as mental or emotional discomfort. However, many tend to forget that  people care about the individual conceiving a child, like the father and the  grandparents who created the growing family overall, so it is important to  recognize outside of one’s self thinking and consider one’s surrounding environment,including the people we care for most.   Roland’s  message is to stop the spread of abortion, to do this people as a society must  put forth the importance of the fetus over the woman. Therefore, drawing  attention must be widespread towards the advancement of family and the maturity  of a man that is ready to be a parent (â€Å"Abundant Life, 53†). Not everyone has  these structures in their life, so life situat ions related to having a child  can be difficult at times without extra support, but it can still be done  because my mom is a single mother who raised three children by herself, did  everything for us and still had no intentions of giving her children away. Laws  will always be in effect to either lower abortion or try to stop it, but TRAP  laws are aimed towards African Americans and people of low income because with  these obstacles making it harder for them to get an abortion, then they are  less likely to get one, due to not having any other financial support. Some  states like Oklahoma, Missouri, Utah and Indiana are the most difficult states to get abortions in, due to a wide range of restrictions these states enforce (â€Å"Cheung, Particularly Difficult†). Some of the restrictions imposed from these states includes waiting periods, limits of insurance coverage, parental involvement if individual is underaged and requirements from abortion providers . Whereas, Iowa, Wyoming and Colorado have minimal limitations,  although they still contain parental restrictions (â€Å"Cheung, Process Simpler†). Having these types of limitations play a role in determining how an individual approaches  abortion because some say that having substantial amounts of limitations is an  aid in preventing abortion. Considering, a different perspective some individuals  promote the lowering of laws, therefore, to encourage the entitlement of abortion  access. Laws are not the only factor in the dictation of abortion, depression  can also play a role for some individuals. Abortion  is a worldwide issue that continues to effect individuals with hardship in  relation to their pregnancy and relives some of the potential future hardships  in pregnancy. This social issue has been going on for centuries in the aim of  purging a female of her newly developed fetus because of certain circumstances  such as being a homeless chil d bearing individual, no financial income or  support from the potential sperm donor. The effects of not being ready for  children at certain points in a person’s life also play a role. This issue is  important because some future care givers are not fully aware on how to take  certain planned parenthood steps to prevent abortion as in getting mutual  assistance from family or societal programs that particularly focus on abortion  cases. However, some individuals are ready for children, so they know what to expect of a needy growing child and  the potential outcomes. But, if having an unplanned child causes difficulty  then getting the resources an individual need from government production  services such as programs that help single mothers, should be enforced for  people who can barely help themselves. In today’s world people are punished for  having an abortion because this overwhelming sensitive life issue is difficult  for some to compre hend in a way of trying to get help, so reaching out for  assistance can be a tedious task or even just trying talk to someone about it. Whereas, in society some people have always had someone who has been with them  every step of the way, so getting help is easier for those individuals. In this  paper, I plan to inform the reader about the Targeted Regulation of Abortion  Providers, which has multiple purposes aimed towards abortion. I will be interpreting  the meaning of this law and how it interacts with abortion. Finally, I will  also talk about how depression has potential influences on some individuals  getting an abortion and bring in personal experience in how abortion almost had  a significant role in one of my family members life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Bittersweet Effects of Abortion" essay for you Create order

Law of Coverture

In English and American law, coverture refers to womens legal status after marriage: legally, upon marriage, the husband and wife were treated as one entity. In essence, the wifes separate legal existence disappeared as far as property rights and certain other rights were concerned. Under coverture, wives could not control their own property unless specific provisions were made before marriage. They could not file lawsuits or be sued separately, nor could they execute contracts. The husband could use, sell or dispose of her property (again, unless prior provisions were made) without her permission. A woman who was subject to coverture was called  feme covert, and an unmarried woman or other woman able to own property and make contracts was called  feme solo.  The terms come from medieval Norman terms. In American legal history, changes in the late 18th and early 19th century began to extend  womens property rights; these changes  affected coverture laws. A widow was entitled, for instance, to a percentage of her husbands property after his death (dower), and some laws required a womans consent to the selling of property if it could affect her dower. Sir William Blackstone, in his 1765 authoritative legal text, Commentaries on the Laws of England, said this about coverture and the legal rights of married women: By marriage, the husband and wife are one person in law: that is, the very being or legal existence of the woman is suspended during the marriage, or at least incorporated and consolidated into that of the husband: under whose wing, protection, and cover, she performs every thing; and is therefore called ... a feme-covert.... Blackstone went on to describe the status of a feme covert as covert-baron or under the influence and protection of her husband, in a relationship similar to that of a subject to a baron or lord.   He also noted that a husband could not grant to his wife anything such as property, and could not make legal agreements with her after marriage because it would be like gifting something to ones self or making a contract with ones self.  He also stated that contracts made between a future husband and wife were void upon marriage.   United States Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black is quoted saying, in a thought expressed by others before him, that the old common-law fiction that the husband and wife are one...has worked out in reality to mean...the one is the husband. Name Change at Marriage and Coverture The tradition of a woman taking her husbands name at marriage may be rooted in this idea of a woman becoming one with her husband and the one is the husband. Despite this tradition, laws requiring a married woman to take her husbands name were not on the books in the United Kingdom or the United States until Hawaii was admitted to the US as a state in 1959.  Common law permitted any person to change their name through life as long as it was not for fraudulent purposes. Nevertheless, in 1879, a judge in Massachusetts found that Lucy Stone could not vote under her maiden name and had to use her married name.  Lucy Stone had infamously kept her name upon her marriage in 1855, giving rise to the term Stoners for women who kept their names after marriage.   Lucy Stone had been among those who had won a limited right to vote, only for the school committee.  She refused to comply, continuing to use Lucy Stone, often amended by married to Henry Blackwell on legal documents and hotel registers. Pronunciation: KUV-e-cher or KUV-e-choorAlso Known As: cover, feme-covert

A Passage to India Imperialism Free Essays

Discuss Forster’s portrayal of Imperialism in the novel a passage to India A passage to India by E. M. Forster is a novel which deals largely with the political, economic and social takeover of India by the British Crown. We will write a custom essay sample on A Passage to India: Imperialism or any similar topic only for you Order Now The novel deals widely with colonialism and more specifically, imperialism. Forster presents the theme in question through the lives and minds of the characters from both the Indians and the English people. There is no subjective undertone to the novel and we see clearly how each character feels, politically correct or not. Forster successfully presents different scenarios and relationships with the assistance of symbolism and imagery, for us to imagine and determine a path to where it may lead; based on the concerns the book shows us. The narrative plays host to an array of themes and consequences present for both parties. The way in which Forster captures the imperialist ideology against the backdrop of a wondrous India and its people has been done so to give the reader a completely unbiased focal on the themes, but still create an enduring curiosity to how the back-story will affect the current affairs. With the thought on imperialism, rather than take the novel on a tangent of complete political movement, Forster chose to focus on people, relationships and the development of characters. Through this liberal approach it allows the reader to delve into the matter with an open mind, to develop own opinions and comments. To allow for all sides and notions to be represented, Forster seemed to develop a character for each. The idea that Indians would be facing an uphill battle trying to forge friendships with the English was represented in characters such as Hamidullah who implies that possibly both races can be friends but never under the current circumstances, and represented less progressively in Mahmoud Ali who presents a stubborn anti-British attitude. The ignorance of the British arrival in India is not unnoticed in the characters of Adela and more extremely in Ronny, who not only suffers from ignorance but has adopted the belief that he is superior to all Indians. Towards the beginning of the novel, or before the pinnacle turning point in the novel, Dr. Aziz and Fielding appear to be the level headed characters representing both races. Dr. Aziz is introduced in the opening chapters venting his frustration about the way the English treat him and other Indians, but never resorts to derogatory remarks or insults. He always appears to maintain a clear outlook to how he feels and why. Fielding, a British Official working in India demonstrates a humanitarian attitude towards Indians and treats them with kindness. As the novel develops and further embarks into the theme of Imperialism, these two characters allow us to see how this factor can affect and damage morals, relationships and opinions. The characters are almost representatives of the theme in question and they take the reader through the journey of the rise and fall, the pros and cons and the damage imperialism and colonialism as a whole can cause. The portrayal of Imperialism in the novel is largely unbiased from Forster himself. In the novel Forster exposes all emotions and attitudes from both races, because the novel is not written from the perspective from one race, or one side – it is written from the perspective of people – all anxiety and true emotion is exposed with little room for covering up British snobbery or submissive Indians, all is advertised. The ignorance on both parties is available, whether or not the ignorance is justified or not is irrelevant as it is all personal opinions. As Hamidullah says† They all become exactly the same, not worse, not better. I give any Englishman two years, be he Turton or Burton. It is only the difference of a letter. And I give any English woman six months. All are exactly alike. † Ch. 2 page 8; His feelings towards English appears bitter being that he was once treated with respect as a guest in England but in his own country due to Imperialism he is the enemy, the disobedient and the inferior, he seems exhausted and could possibly have at one point enjoyed the company of Englishmen when he was a visitor in their own country. It is evident now that he feels all Englishmen are hopeless, in the end they all conform to the Imperialistic movement and behaviours which encourage racism and a general bad attitude to the Indians. Hamidullah notably gives English women a much shorter tether probably being that they only communicate on a personal or sociable level and have no need for professional pleasantries before adopting the imperialistic traits. Forster himself having lived in India is divulging an exaggerated experience of his time there, he is magnifying issues which are completely evident in the force of Imperialism but had never been acknowledged in this way before. There will always, like with any topic be novels which contribute mere nods to the opposition with a main focus on the protagonists encounters, this is not what Forster set out to do. His approach, although himself anti-imperialist is very liberal in that he highlights and presents the Englishman, his â€Å"undeveloped heart† and narrow-mindedness to an unknown world to which he must adapt, or mustn’t as the story goes. An issue what can also be questioned in the novel is if Imperialism itself is the problem, or the way in which the British conduct themselves when India, under Imperialistic ruling. The behaviour of the British can be summoned on many different tangents from Imperialism. The topic of race and supremacism is rooted throughout the novel as a side note to the bigger picture of Imperialism. It is clear from the novel that with British ruling an automatic entitlement to superiority is present, as said by Mrs Turton to Adela. Adela being a somewhat open minded individual displays no major signs of racism or gives the notion she is superior to the Indians, but nonetheless Mrs Turton imposes an extremely heavy remark on her as it were quite trivial – â€Å"You’re superior to them, anyway. Don’t forget that. You’re superior to everyone in India except one or two of the Ranis, and they’re on an equality. To say such a racist remark so unintentionally demonstrates the notion that Indians are to submit to the British because that’s the way it is. There is no method in the madness of allowing Imperialism to develop further division with racism and disrespect to the host and their country. This deterioration is evident in the relationship between Dr. Aziz and Fielding. The relationship between Fielding and Dr. Aziz is almost a representa tion of the Imperialistic time, and how it developed. From the beginning of the novel the reader understands both characters have equal respect for one another and their races. There is an understanding of differences but maturity to overcome these nonsensical differences and forge a friendship. This can be seen in light of Imperialism, where there was a forced unity of cultures, this could forge new friendships, allow cultures to sample the traditions of others and increase quality of life and become cultured. Instead, a stubborn and adamant behaviour from the British forged nothing but resentment between both races and begun the belief that the take-over of the land equated to no equality. Translated into the novel, the incident which saw Dr Aziz face trial for the accusation held against him by Adela in the caves shows us where the friendship deteriorated, the relationship between both races which came to be, which was condemned by Hamidullah in the beginning had begun to conform to what Imperialism appeared to represent. After Adela dropped her accusation against Aziz, and everything was as it was in the beginning of the novel it was suggested Aziz and Fielding should resume their friendship but on reflection Aziz agrees with Hamidullah – there is no room for friendship between the Indians and the British. Their relationship, unlike that of the many other characters was not superficial. There was true equality amongst the men, noting definitely their differences but not considering they were of inferiority or superiority to one another. They represent both cultures as well as equal men but the ever present Imperialism is there to collapse any bridge of friendship, as Aziz implies there will be no friendship until the British have left, or left on the principles in which they arrived. At the end of the novel Fielding questions Aziz as to why they cannot be friends, because they both want to be? This shows the reader that there is still a sense of naivety in Fielding that he and the rest of the British have to work on. They do share the same perspective as the Indians, the problems which have arose and how they can be resolved is seen by Aziz. Aziz knows that there is no room for friendship, at least not now – â€Å"they didn’t want it, they said in their hundred voices ‘No, not yet,’ and the sky said ‘No, not there† Ch. 37. And so it can be seen that the theme of Imperialism throughout Forster’s novel is seen from many dimensions, the idea of Imperialism, and colonialism can be seen to be infected, the unnecessary behaviours which they have assumed go hand in hand with Imperialism have to be stopped. The portrayal of Imperialism by Forster as said is a very liberal and open minded approach in that he has exposed all dimensions and has no shied away from the resting fact of what should be questioned – Imperialism, or the way in which the British conduct themselves behind the wall of Imperialism. What they consider acceptable and what is not. The novel in its entirety delivers an excellent insight from all perspectives into the system. The reader is left with Forster’s own personal experiences and sometimes his own personal statements throughout the novel whilst being given the opportunity to identify the flaws in the system for themselves. Forster, E. M A Passage to India, 1994 How to cite A Passage to India: Imperialism, Papers

Looking for Alaska-Character List free essay sample

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The Priest(Kafka Vs Camus) Essays - Literature, Fiction,

The Priest(Kafka vs Camus) The Outsider, written by Albert Camus, and The Trial, written by Franz Kafka, are two books that have been critically acclaimed since the time that they were published. There are critics that claim that The Outsider is a dull book, and is not even a read-worthy book. Other people claim that it shows us how society actually acts upon people who do not want to be like the rest of society. The Trial falls under the same kind of criticism; but both books, although written by different writers in a different ?poque, fall under the same kind of genre: Imprisoned Lives. In both The Outsider and The Trial there are many people who influence the protagonists in a positive and in a negative way, but none of those characters are as important as the priest. The priest, being of the same profession in both books and trying to accomplish the same kind of tasks, have a totally different effect on the two protagonists. In The Outsider the priest changes the whole attitude that Meursault has to life, whereas in The Trial the priest tells Joseph K. how his life actually is. "Why do you refuse to see me?" This question was asked by the priest and was meant for Meursault. Normally, if a person is convicted to death, he will see a priest before the sentence is executed. Meursault did not do that. He profusely refused to see the priest and why should he? He "did not believe in god." Meursault did not care, as he did not care if his mother died, or if someone proposed marriage to him. This of course went totally against the rules and ethics of society, which cannot permit such kind of behaviour. But why does Cam?s characterize Meursault like that? Why did he create such kind of an outsider to society? Cam?s created such an outsider because he wanted to show people how life actually is. Society does not accept people who do not bend the truth a little and lie. Society wants to make life as easy as can be, making up lies so that everything can run smoothly because truth can hurt sometimes, and Cam?s knows that. Cam?s implements the priest not just as another c haracter in the novel, but as a person who wants to tell Meursault how society expects him to behave. Meursault did not want to know how he has to act to make the society happy, as a matter of fact, the priest was "beginning to annoy" him. Meursault was not even following what the priest said but rather gazed out of the cell into the sky. Cam?s wants to show us actually how uninterested Meursault is in the priest. But all this is about to change because Cam?s adds an unexpected twist. The priest mentions how even the hardest of criminals stare at something at one point in their life and imagine a divine face in it. Meursault did not see the face of Jesus Christ in it, but he saw the face of Marie, the girl who proposed the marriage to him. But this was the turning life in Meursault's life. All of a sudden he starts to care about things and take some interest in things, and that explains the outrage he suddenly got against the priest. Meursault knows that he his going to die, and he cannot accept that. His whole attitude all of a sudden changed. Cam?s shows us that a person cannot go against society and that society and the majority, be it good or bad, will always win. Kafka's priest however was different. He did not tell to change Joseph K.'s life but rather told Joseph K. how his life is and how unjust society actually is. The setting that Kafka creates is pretty phenomenal. The cathedral is dark and gloomy, only lighted by some oil lamps which have a small illumination radius. "It is a rainy day", which gives it an even more sad and depressing feeling. As time passes by, the inside of the cathedral gets darker and darker, which creates a sort of evil foreshadowing of what will happen at the end of the book. Then the priest

Hess Law Lab Report Essays

Hess Law Lab Report Essays Hess Law Lab Report Paper Hess Law Lab Report Paper The literature value tort the enthalpy change of the last reaction which was provided by our teacher is -97 k mol-l Agreeing this value, our result can be considered accurate. As told at the beginning of this lab report, our aim of this experiment was to test the validity of Hes law which suggests that the enthalpy change of a reaction must be equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes of the other reactions that elate to the original reaction. Our result achieved from this experiment is the simple proof of Hes LaWs validity. Even though the result of an experiment is accurate and matches the literature value, it does not mean that there were no mistakes made. As the difference Of the percentage uncertainty and the percentage error suggests there were random errors made. First of them was the heat energy lost to the surrounding environment during the experiment process taking place. This caused the recorded highest temperature to be smaller than he actual highest temperature that was meant to reach. This could have been prevented by adding in more and perfect insulators to minimize the heat loss to the surroundings and maximize the highest temperature that can be reached. Another random error was could have been the absorption of the damp in the air by the Noah pellets, increasing the pellets mass and affecting our final results. In addition, lack of time can be considered as a factor that affects the accuracy. More trials would have made the experiment more accurate.

Personal and Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal and Professional Development - Essay Example Professional engineering qualifications at various levels are discussed below: Vocational A-Levels and Scottish Highers; SQA Higher National Certificate: These are courses for 1 or 2 years full time. These courses can be regarded as foundation qualifications for the engineering technicians and can be utilised to get admission in undergraduate studies. BTEC/Edexcel/SQA Higher National Diploma (HND): These are generally 2 years course, full time. The HND is well respected qualification and can help the student to upgrade as an Incorporated Engineer (IEng). By obtaining better marks, one can also get transferred into the 2nd or 3rd year of an undergraduate degree programme. Degree Courses: These courses include BEng (Hons) (Bachelor of Engineering) or MEng (Master of Engineering). A BEng (Hons) would generally take 3 to 4 years full time to complete. An accredited professional Bachelor’s degree would fulfil the educational requirements for registration at the level of Incorporate d Engineer (IEng). This sort of degrees as per the specifications of the Engineering Council must last at least 3 years full time. The MEng can be regarded as an integrated form of Master’s degree. It is a higher qualification than BEng (Hons). It takes 4 to 5 years full time to complete. An accredited professional MEng would fulfil the academic requirements for the Chartered Engineer (CEng) qualification. This level of engineering qualification is the best in the educational world of UK and is highly respected all across the industries. An accredited professional BEng (Hons) degree together with a suitable Master’s degree or appropriate extended learning to the Master’s level would also meet the educational requirements.... This paper stresses that the professional titles which are awarded by the Engineering Council are well protected by the law. Registration in Engineering Council by different engineers and technicians is voluntary. This report makes a conclusion that engineering is a challenging profession in the modern work environment. Globalisation requires the engineers to be competent and skilled at the global standards. United Kingdom needs a powerful army of engineers and technicians to combat recession and obtain economic growth. Therefore, the routes to personal professional accreditation in engineering are not easy. The authortThe candidates have to be sufficiently skilled, competent and up to the minute to become a professionally qualified engineer as per the UK standards. No doubt that pursuing a degree course like BEng or MEng is the best way to obtain in depth knowledge in the field and become a professionally qualified engineer. BEng and MEng programmes in civil and structural engineering provided by the UK universities cater to the global standards in this context. Else, if a student cannot pursue a university program for some reason, he can appear in the examinations conducted by the Engineerin g Council and progress through the Level 5, Level 6 and Level 7 qualifications in a step by step manner. An engineer must possess numerical ability, analytical skill, creativity, and most importantly, engineering aptitude to obtain the different engineering qualifications discussed so far and excel in the engineering field. An engineering qualification can serve as both a basic qualification and a specialised qualification, and thus it can open up several prospects.

Brady v Norman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Brady v Norman - Essay Example His stint was cut short, however, when he got into a scuffle with the President of ASLEF, Mr. Samways on 20th May 2004 at a barbecue. After five days, he was suspended. In July of that same year, he was accused of forgery for signing a cheque in the name of the Assistant General Secretary, with the latter’s consent and knowledge. In August 2004, he was dismissed as General Secretary using the forgery and the barbecue scuffle as grounds. A claim for unfair dismissal was brought against the ASLEF by Mr. Brady, and the Employment Tribunal ruled in his favour. Upon appeal before the Employment Appeal Tribunal, the appeal was likewise dismissed. However, on June 5, 2006, the respondent Mr. Norman, who was the General Secretary voted to replace Mr. Brady, uttered these words before the ASLEF†S Annual Assembly of Delegates on 5th June 2006. The following words were made the basis of the defamation charge brought by Mr. Brady against Mr. Norman: â€Å"†¦ the facts are, Con ference, that the General Secretary was involved in a fight; the General Secretary was forging cheques and it is a matter of opinion – you can draw whatever opinion you like – as to whether his actions in the media brought the Union into disrepute. What you cannot possibly walk away from is that he was involved in a fight with the then President, and he forged cheques. ... Mr. Brady was awarded indemnity because the following words were deemed libellous: â€Å"ASLEF conference delegates declined to debate a proposition calling for former General Secretary Mr Brady to address Conference, coupled to efforts to consider his reinstatement. They felt it was pointless to discuss â€Å"a past era†. One compelling reason was that the Certification Officer had ruled the previous week that Mr Brady had legitimately been excluded from ASLEF membership for bringing the Union into disrepute. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ 3 However, the words spoken during the Assembly (the first quoted paragraph) did not come to the knowledge of Mr. Brady until September 2008. In 2009, or when the first libel action was concluded, Mr. Brady brought suit for defamation. Under the Defamation Act 2006, the statute of limitations to bring suit runs for only one year, and this likewise appears in section 4A of the Limitation Act 1980 as amended. Mr. Brady filed a Part 8 claim seeking disapplica tion of the one-year limit. Section 32A of the 1980 Act â€Å"enables the court to disapply section 4A if it appears to the court that it would be equitable to allow the action to proceed having regard to the degree to which the time limit prejudices the claimant and to the degree to which disapplying the time limit would prejudice the defendant.4† The Master ruled against disapplying the time limit and consequently moved to dismiss the claim, ruling that doing so would be prejudicial to the defendant. The case is then brought up on Appeal. Point of Law: The crux of the issue on appeal is whether or not there is merit in waiving the time limit in the case under Section 32A, considering that the jurisprudence

What Are The Psychological Causes Of Crime Psychology Essay

What Are The Psychological Causes Of Crime Psychology Essay During the 19th century the concept of an influence of the biological factors on criminal behaviour was strong, due to Charles Darwin publications of the theory of evolution. However, when considering criminological issues, biological and psychological explanations have been rejected for some time. It is worth noting, that in recent times there has been an increasing interest in studying the relationships of biological and psychological factors and criminal behaviour. (Lilly et al, 2007; 20) According to Reid (2006), there is no doubt, that the biological and social factors, especially their interactions are important in understanding and explaining the causes of criminal behaviour. Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909), Italian psychiatrist and anthropologist , is considered today as a father of modern criminology. During his research about criminals, Lombroso relied on a Darwins theory of evolution, to support his own theory, that criminals had not evolved as far as non-criminals. Furthermore, Lombroso compared criminals to wild creatures, who like their wild predecessors, had many atavistic traits, which made them more likely to behave like a wild animals. That was the reason, that Lombroso famously claimed that he had found the biological characteristics, which allows to distinguish criminals according to crimes committed by them. Consequently rapists were characterized by short-handed, narrow forehead, often blonde hair, abnormalities of the nose and in the genital organs area. Lombroso believed that repeat offenders are among those that may be considered criminals by birth, so the two types of criminals were distinguished as a result of his studies about the crimina l behavior. These were criminaloid and insane criminal. According to Lombrosos findings, criminaloid is a person, who is motivated by passion, what with other factors lead to criminal behavior. On the other hand there is an insane criminal, who is epileptic, psychotic, unfit to society, who cannot control his behavior.(Lilly et al, 2007;18-24; Einstadter 2006, 84) Lombrosos views were shared also by Raffaele Garofalo and Enrico Ferri, who stated that any criminal behavior cannot be explained without involving another factors, such as environmental or physic.(Ferri 1901) It is worth considering, that Lombrosos studies were widely criticized, because of showing significant overemphasize of biological causes, while an environmental factors seemed to be neglected by him. As it was stated in Wolfgang cited in Reid (2007; 88) The fears of these critics that Lombroso diverted attention from social to individual phenomena, reveal their basic misunderstanding of his work and its effects (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). Lombroso served to direct emphasis from the crime to the criminal, not from social to individual factors Although Lombroso and other positivists had made the foundations for further scientific analysis of criminal behavior, but the effective crime prevention requires changes in the environment and the social structures, which are also important in an explanation of the causes of crime.(Williams,2008; 162) The physical approach of crime and human behavior, shows the assumption that function is determined by structure. The belief, saying that the crime is associated with body build, was introduced in the 1926 by Ernest Kretschmer,(Lilly 2007; 24-28) but the first real development of this issue begun with the scientific work of B. Sheldon in 1940. Sheldon connected psyche and body type with temperament. During his research, Sheldon introduced three body types: ectomorph- tall, skinny boned; endomorph- short, fat bodied; and mesomorph- athletic, well built. Main purposes of his research can be defined as a need of systematic study of human behavior and personality. Sheldon was further criticized about the way his sample was chosen. As it is stated in Cortez and Gatti, Sheldon picked only those persons, who could support his theory. His definition of three body types, has also been criticized because it was not precise enough to easily distinguish them. (Cortez, 1972;8). The next step in an explanation of criminal behavior is to take closer look at the history of the family just to find out, if whether the family has had a cases of criminal behavior. The early studies of family were conducted by Sheldon Glueck and Eleanor Glueck. Researchers concentrated on family history to find the possible explanation of criminal activity. But it is worth to remind, that the family studies have been discredited because it was not methodologically sophisticated enough to permit significant conclusion. Although there was a basic difficulty in family studies, which consisted of the impossibility to control the environment, the family was existing and developing, it was necessary to take further steps in an explanation of a correlation between family background and criminal behavior of ones. This inconvenience led researchers to introduce two other methods of studying genetic factors and criminality. Those studies included the environment , as the most important facto r affecting peoples behavior and leading to crime. Finally, aim of those studies were to find an explanation about the generations of violence and deviance within the families. Those two methods were studies of adoption and studies of twins.(Williams,2008; 139) Studies of twins were conducted by Karl O. Christiansen, who studied the occurrence of criminal behavior among twins in Denmark, between year of 1881 and 1910. Christiansen stated that if one of twins is engaged in criminal activity, the probability that the second twin will also do so was 35%, and only 12% if the twins were fraternal. His studies were continued and updated by Sarnoff A. Mednick and his colleagues, who concluded that genetic factors for some variables are linked with criminal behavior. Mednicks studies were criticized because of possibility of methodological errors, but finally were confirmed, despite of those errors occurrence there is an evidence of correlation between genetic factors and criminal behavior. (Burke 2009, 69-70) Another important issue in Mednicks research were studies of adoption. With his colleagues, Mednick conducted adoption studies in Denmark, using a sample of 72000 from Denmarks adoption registry. Mednick stated that the tendency to criminal activity was higher among those adoptees, whose biological parents were criminals. Moreover, research showed that there were much higher tendencies of criminal behavior in adoptees, who had both biological and adoptive parents engaged in criminal activity. His research undoubtedly proved that genetic factors cannot be ignored when explaining causes of criminal behavior. (Mednick et al, 1987; 67-80) Family studies were also a tool used to get the information about possible psychological explanations of crime. Early psychologists were focused mainly on intelligence traits. Research traced criminality in the same family through generations, showed that the mental retardation was the main cause of criminal behavior. It is worth to consider that one of the earliest explanation of the criminality in the middle ages, was demonology. People believed in evil spirits, which while possessing individuals, caused nasty behavior. Only exorcism seemed to be the right treatment, which could save possessed person from doing wrong things. In fifteenth century some beliefs arose that people, who were behaving badly, were actively cooperating with devil. In the enlightenment great discoveries about human body and mind were made, researchers started to be interested in human anatomy, physiology, neurology, medicine and chemistry. Causes of physical illnesses were discovered, and therefore researche rs applied that there must be reasons, which causes mental disorders. Those assumptions led to development of psychiatry, defined as the prevention, diagnosis and treatment in mental illnesses. According to psychiatry approach, each person is individual and requires specific treatment and an individual case study. William Healy was the first, who used the case study to explain delinquent behavior., and the case study seemed to be the only way to penetrate the ones background, concentrating mainly on emotional development. Healy and his associates showed that delinquents were more likely to have personality disorders than non-delinquents. Although Healy et al introduced and popularized the case-study method, their studies may be criticized because of using too small samples as well as giving too little information on the way of measuring the concepts and characteristics. . (Reid 2006; 102-103) Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is widely known as the father of psychoanalytic theory. Freud introduced the concept of unconscious, and according to that, humans live with mental conflicts between desires and energies, the most basic instincts, which must be hidden because of societys morality. The natural drivers can often be expressed by some persons in some ways, usually indirect, to avoid reaction of others. Freud saw twofold nature of every human being- assertive and aggressive. Aggression could not be learnt, but rooted deeply inside the mind. That was the reason why Freud stated, that everyone have the criminal tendencies, but during the socialization process, people learnt how to control it effectively.(Myers, 1995; 462-465) According to Halarambos(1991), the psychiatric approach may be criticized for some reasons- the terms were vague, no definitions for most concepts were given and the most of data were subjectively interpreted by the researchers, as well as the research were ba sed on small samples.(Halarambos, 1991; 584-585). In 1985 year publication Crime and Human Nature authors James Q Wilson and Richard J. Herrnstein stated that there is a link between criminal activity and a level of intelligence, especially low. However authors were criticized because of stating that low level of intelligence and crime appear together in the same group, but there were no significant evidence that low level of intelligence causes criminal behavior.(Wilson 1985, 148-164). According to Benson not only people with low level of intelligence commit crime, but there are also very bright criminals, especially white-collar criminals , so when taking intelligence level to consideration, it is important to consider also type of the crime committed. However, those with lower intelligence level are more likely to be arrested, charged and convicted.(Benson 2009, 19-50) 4/4/2011

Astron 2b03

Astronomy / Origins 2B03 Practice Midterm Questions 1. Our solar system is located in the a) Milky Way's galactic halo b) Milky Way's central bulge c) Milky Way's galactic disk d) space between the Milky Way and its neighbouring galaxies e) none of the above 2. What happens when you shine a laser beam horizontally across a room? ) the light would be deflected upwards slightly b) the presence of the gravitational field makes the light move slightly faster c) light travels a perfectly straight path d) the path of the light is curved downward very slightly e) none of the above 3. The terrestrial planets are a) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars b) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune c) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto d) Venus, Earth, and Mars e) none of the above combinations 4. From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation? a) gamma rays, X rays, visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, radio b) visible light, infrared, X rays, ultraviolet, gamma rays, radio c) radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma rays d) infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma rays, radio e) radio, X rays, visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays 5. Evidence of the expansion of the universe is shown by a) the Einstein Cross b) the 4. billion year age of the Earth c) the abundances of the elements in stars d) the redshifts of distant galaxies e) time dilation 6. Suppose we look at two distant galaxies: Galaxy 1 is twice as far away as Galaxy 2. In that case, a) Galaxy 1 must be twice as big as Galaxy 2 b) we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at an earlier time in the history of the universe than Galaxy 2 c) we are seeing Galaxy 1 as it looked at a later time in the his tory of the universe than Galaxy 2 d) Galaxy 2 must be twice as old as Galaxy 1. ) none of the above 7. A black hole and a normal star have the same mass. They each have an Earth-sized planet orbiting them at the same distance as the Earth is from the Sun. a) the black hole pulls harder on its planet than the normal star does b) the two planets feel identical pulls c) the normal star pulls harder on its planet than the black hole does d) the planet is sucked into the black hole e) none of the above statements are correct 8. Which of the following is not part of the official International Astronomical Union definition of a planet? A planet †¦ a) is close to round in shape b) is a satellite c) is in orbit around the Sun d) has â€Å"cleared the neighbourhood† around its orbit e) none of the above 9. We can determine the distance to a galaxy that contains Cepheid variable stars by using a) the period-colour relation b) the mass-luminosity relation c) the mass-radius relation d) the period-luminosity relation e) none of the above 10. Ann sees Bob travel by her in a very fast spaceship a) Ann observes Bob’s clock to be running slowly and Bob observes Ann’s clock to be running slowly b) Ann observes Bob’s clock to be running slowly and Bob observes Ann’s clock to be running fast c) Ann observes Bob’s clock to be running fast and Bob observes Ann’s clock to be running slowly d) Ann observes Bob’s clock to be running fast and Bob observes Ann’s clock to be running fast e) something else 11. Which space time diagram(s) violate special relativity? a) ii b) ii and iv c) iv and v d) i and iii e) iii and v

Adolescence Acting Out In Group Theraphy

Acting-out means performing an act that expresses emotional conflict in the individual. The emotional conflict may be subconscious. The actions done in acting out are usually antisocial and are meant for getting attention. Behaviors acted out include drug taking, or behaving promiscuously.Actions in this category are harmful to the individual and stand in the way of the individual developing constructive behavioral responses to feelings. Acting out is the opposite of response to feelings in ways like talking out, or psychodrama. (Blatner, 1996)This behavior happens within group processes and is studied in group dynamics which is the study of groups. The group dynamics study’s primary concern is small group behavior. A group is a number of individuals who are brought together by social relations. Groups develop peculiar dynamic behaviors among its members due to their close interaction.According to psychoanalysis findings by Sigmund Freud, human actions can be explained by look ing at the conscious and the subconscious part of the mind. The unconscious is a section of the mind that is not immediately connected to perceptions but is a store of a persons past experiences. The past experiences come out of the unconscious to the conscious and in a way affect our personalities.The imperative here is that the motivations for acting out are beyond conscious control. However the motivations can be accessible through inference on behavior as the actions are believed to be the expression of repressed material. (Jones, 1973)The term used to describe the relation of experiences from one interpersonal setting to another is called transference. It deals with revisiting past experiences in existing circumstances. The relation of past and present behaviors are established by other people who come into contact with the individual. The individual will be discovered to be trying to address the unresolved issues from his/her past.  In this paper, group therapy is tackled on the basis of psychotherapy, and psychoanalytic studies. Psychotherapy is the field that specializes in investigating the manifestations of relations of past actions on the present actions with aim of helping the persons overcomes the influence. Psychotherapists look into the unconscious projections of transference.In psychoanalytic study transference is seen as a source of conflict and as one of the influences of choices in life including occupations. They lead a person to be interested in certain things like settings, and people. It therefore unites the past and the present.A good understanding of transference helps psychotherapists understand the causes of some human behavior more clearly in order to be able to implement effective interventions. According to Sigmund Freud the formative experiences of a person are critical, and relationships of childhood years are reflected with other significant ones through life. The earlier events come out in repeated difficulties in relationsh ips and dreams.Lack of happiness and conflict can in this case be understood through knowledge of unconscious human motivations. (Nickel, 1987)The repressed materials are thus acted out. Interpretations of acting out of individuals vary with the contexts under which they act, and the audiences that witness the actions. In the context of parenting acting out is literally understood. It means acting those desires that are forbidden by the society.According to psychoanalysis study the laws in the society make the Superego and a person’s body of desires is called the Id. The Superego acts on the Id to make a person behave in socially acceptable manner. Freud used the theory of psychoanalysis to devise ways of treating patients with mental problems.  The initial desires of the individual are replaced with socially accepted behavior in a process called sublimation. However, in acting out the individual goes contrary to the authority of the superego on the Id. Acting out entails c oping with pressure by giving in to the desires of the Id. The person who acts out their desires do it with little or no regard to their conscience and with little thought.Hence the acts are either deliberately bad or unpremeditated wrongdoing. Even when the people are aware of their wrongdoing they try to protect themselves against the society’s censure by hiding their deeds. Other coping mechanisms that use are such as denial which is used to protect one from feelings of shame. (Freud, 1972)Acting out in essence is handling pressure by giving in to the desires. It is however not actually coping, for coping mechanisms try to handle pressure and not conforming to it.Acting out is the opposite of sublimation. Unlike in sublimation where the desired action is replaced by another socially acceptable activity, here the desire is acted out bluntly. Such things as temper tantrums are episodes of acting out. At the early age the children have not developed communication means for th eir distress feelings.Thus they use tantrums as an effective means of alerting parents of their needs and commanding attention. But then when the children pass through the society they learn to get attention through strategies that are socially acceptable and that are constructive.It is then interesting that the behavior of acting out shows again during the years of adolescence in many youths. It comes in the form of acts of rebellious nature such as smoking, and drug abuse that can be seen as a cry for recognition.The youth may be disruptive, a behavior that is caused by an inability to control emotions in other ways. During adolescence emergence of antisocial and criminal behavior occurs. This behavior goes on into adulthood with considerable loss that comes from the action to the individual, families and also the community. Attempts to identify risk factors of antisocial and criminal behavior have been done with aim of preventing the problems.Some of the risk factors are identifi ed in the years of beginning primary school. At this age there is identified difference of acting in that two groups are found. The groups are the antisocial and social. From this age there is difference of behavior between the two groups. In mid childhood the antisocial group manifested higher levels of acting out, and showed more trouble behaviors like hyper action and aggression. They were also found to act in manner craving for attention.Problematic behavior continues in late childhood. The children continue showing problematic behavior. They also become less cooperative; have lesser self control, as well as poor communication with their parents. At this age the children probably have acquired friends who practice antisocial behavior. During adolescence, the antisocial group gets more significantly different from the social group.The differences between the groups were centered on aspects of temperamence such as negativity, low persistence, volatility, involvement in risky activ ities, and acting out. Acting out is a manifestation of all the other aspects of the individual psyche at this time.A study on the prevalence of HIV and AIDS among Australian youths illuminates the study of acting out. Heckerman in the report of the study states that there has been an increase in infection rates of youths with the deadly HIV through engaging in promiscuous behaviors. The rate of levels of adolescents who are infected with the HIV has increased in the past ten years, in spite of the education on the disease being taught in the schools and family courses.With the teens receiving this information it becomes a matter of concern that the rate of infection continue to rise.  Ã‚   However, studies show that knowledge and behavioral changes are not directly correlated.   It has been established that despite the youths having adequate knowledge on HIV, the knowledge does not influence a change of risky sexual behavior.It is seen here that the youths who act out by resort ing to risky social behavior have influence that is manifested in the subconscious. (Heckerman, 2002)  In an essay on group analysis Rosenthal relates the issue of the persistent influence of subconscious on the actions of the individual on an aspect of psychoanalytic study called resistance. Resistance is understood to be an inadequate, wrongly adopted, and an indirect manner of self revelation.Using the media of resistance the psychoanalytic patient tips that he/she cannot engage in verbal communication with emotional significance. (Rosenthal, 1979).Analytic treatment exacts great demands for efforts on the part of the patient as it does on the physician. They are both demanded to overcome their inner resistances. By overcoming the resistances the patients’ mental, life is changed permanently.The patient is hence lifted into a higher level of development and remains above possibilities of regression. It takes effort to overcome the resistances as the analytic treatment is achieved. (Freud, 1916)In the essay above it has been seen that the phenomenon of acting out has got many sides to itself. A clear understanding of the concepts of transference, resistance, psychotherapy, leads one to a better understanding of the concept of acting out and helps in discerning the processes involved in the minds of those who act out and hence help in administering group therapy.References Blatner, A. (1996). Acting-in: Practical Applications of Psycho-dramatic Methods.Springer Publishing Company.Freud, Sigmund (1922) Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego. New York: Liveright Publishing.

Human Resources Strategic Positioning Plan - 3657 Words

Human Resources Strategic Positioning Plan Human Resources Strategic Positioning Plan Strategic Positioning Plan Ââ€" Part 2 1. Executive Summary (if you use a number 1., then you must have a number 2.) Riordan Manufacturing is a global plastics manufacturer employing 550 people with projected annual earnings of $46 million. The company is a closely held Delaware corporation with its headquarters in San Jose, California. Riordan Manufacturing Inc. goals are to provide quality products, with excellent customer satisfaction, and manufactured in a highly creative teamwork setting. Also, Riordan would like to continue producing quality plastic that aims to the automotive manufacturer, aircraft manufacturers, the†¦show more content†¦An effective Affirmative Action Plan must be in place, with special emphasis on involving more females in the executive ranks. Maintaining sensitivity to the emerging workforce behavior is a key in understanding the human aspect of the future employee group profile. Taking advantage of a solid Human Resource Information System s (HRIS) informational output will enhance th e competitive edge. The globalization efforts will pose a challenge but if tapped properly will create major opportunities for development. Selection of personnel based on their suitability to company goals will continue to foster an organizational culture based on the policies set forth by the administration. Recognizing and Retaining Key Employees and Workers An effective retention program enables employees to better cope with the demands of home and the workplace. Riordan Manufacturing s policies contribute to the low employee turnover rates, retention of qualified employees, and motivation of workers. The personnel demand and the strength of the economy have created a job market in which skilled individuals are difficult to retain. 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